An initiative drive launched Friday could give Arizonans a chance to cut their property taxes.
Dubbed Prop 13 Arizona, the measure would roll back the assessed value of homes and businesses to what they were in 2003, before speculators helped spike prices. Those rising sales prices, in turn, boosted the tax assessments of everyone else in the neighborhood.
The initiative also has a provision designed to keep local governments from making up the difference by hiking the tax rate — the figure that, multiplied by assessed value, determines the actual taxes. It would limit annual taxes on homes to no more than one-half of 1 percent of their value. So the owner of a house valued at $200,000, at 2003 prices, would pay no more than $1,000 a year.
Taxes for commercial, industrial and agricultural property would be capped at 1 percent of their 2003 values.
If the measure gets on the ballot and is approved, it would permit future assessment increases of only 2 percent per year.
Not everyone will necessarily benefit.
Anyone who bought a home or business since the beginning of 2004 would have the values set at the actual purchase price. Lynne Weaver, who crafted the initiative, acknowledged it means those who bought at the top of the housing market would be paying higher taxes than their neighbors who have been there longer, even if the homes were identical.
She said, though, there’s nothing inherently unfair about that.
First, she argued, there is nothing fair about the current system, calling the valuations placed on homes by county assessors “random and arbitrary.” Beyond that, she said, it makes up for past inequities.
“Is it fair that I’m sitting here in my house and someone down the street decides to sell their house like mine . . . and some fool, somebody comes along and pays an astronomical amount for the house?” she asked. “Now everybody in the neighborhood is penalized with higher taxes because of that person’s decision.”
But, Weaver said, even those who bought their homes in 2006 and find their assessed values locked in at that level should want to support this measure. She said it provides them with predictability of what their taxes will be in future years, no matter what happens to the housing market.
That absolute limit on total taxes, if approved, creates a new problem for lawmakers.
Right now, each level of government, like cities, counties, fire districts, library districts and community colleges, gets to set its own tax rate and get its own resources.
This initiative would, in essence, turn all property tax proceeds over to the state. The Legislature would then decide who gets what.
“It couldn’t be any worse than it is now,” Weaver said.
The initiative, if approved, also would eliminate the option for voters to approve overrides, bond issues or exceptions to the tax limits even if they want additional spending, whether for schools or additional police protection.
Weaver said override elections often are abused and held on days when most people do not realize something is on the ballot.
Weaver tried to get the same measure on the 2008 ballot, only to fall short on signatures.
This time, however, Weaver said she is getting an earlier start on the July 1, 2010, deadline for submitting the necessary 230,047 signatures. Weaver said she also will have financial backing to hire paid circulators, though she declined to say at this point who has promised money.
One factor that may have kept Weaver’s measure off the 2008 ballot was that Arizonans were being asked at the same time to sign a competing initiative.
That one, crafted by Marc Goldstone, also would have reset property taxes to prior levels. But it would have allowed voters to decide if they wanted to tax themselves more for additional services like improved fire protection.
Goldstone said Friday he is hoping the Legislature puts a measure like his on the 2010 ballot, eliminating the need for him to get signatures. But Goldstone said if not, he will start his own petition drive.
Weaver’s proposal got its name because it is modeled in part on California’s Proposition 13. That 1978 initiative was the first of a series of voter-approved limits on government spending.
Weaver became a California resident in 1983, after that state’s Prop. 13 took effect, and said it worked well there. She moved to Arizona in 2001.